Research progress on image-based calculation of coronary artery fractional flow reserve / 生物医学工程学杂志

Coronary artery fractional flow reserve (FFR) is a critical physiological indicator for assessment of impaired blood flow caused by coronary artery stenosis. The wire-based invasive measurement of blood flow pressure gradient across stenosis is the gold standard for clinical measurement of FFR. However, it has the risk of vascular injury and requires the use of vasodilators, increasing the time and overall cost of interventional examination. Coronary imaging is playing an important role in clinical diagnosis of stenotic lesions, evaluation of severity of lesions, and planning of therapies. In recent years, the computation of FFR based on the physiological information of blood flow obtained from routinely collected coronary image data has become a research focus in this field. This technique reduces the cost of physiological assessment of coronary lesions and the use of pressure wires. It is beneficial to strengthen the physiological guidance in interventional therapy. In order to better understand this emerging technique, this paper highlights its implementation principle and diagnostic performance, analyzes practical problems and current challenges in clinical applications, and discusses possible future development.

Astragali Radix-Curcumae Rhizoma combination inhibits proliferation, migration, and invasion of colon cancer HT-29 cells by regulating EMT / 中国中药杂志

This study aims to investigate the effect of Astragali Radix-Curcumae Rhizoma(AC) combination on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of colon cancer HT-29 cells based on epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT). HT-29 cells were respectively treated with 0, 3, 6 and 12 g·kg~(-1) AC-containing serum for 48 h. The survival and growth of cells were measured by thiazole blue(MTT) colorimetry, and the proliferation, migration, and invasion of cells were detected by 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine(EdU) test and Transwell assay. Cell apoptosis was examined by flow cytometry. The BALB/c nude mouse model of subcutaneous colon cancer xenograft was established, and then model mice were classified into blank control group, 6 g·kg~(-1) AC group, and 12 g·kg~(-1) AC group. The tumor weight and volume of mice were recorded, and the histopathological morphology of the tumor was observed based on hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining. The expression of apoptosis-associated proteins B-cell lymphoma-2-associated X protein(Bax), cysteine-aspartic acid protease-3(caspase-3), and cleaved caspase-3, and EMT-associated proteins E-cadherin, MMP9, MMP2 and vimentin in HT-29 cells and mouse tumor tissues after the treatment of AC was determined by Western blot. The results showed that cell survival rate and the number of cells at proliferation stage decreased compared with those in the blank control group. The number of migrating and invading cells reduced and the number of apoptotic cells increased in the administration groups compared with those in the blank control group. As for the in vivo experiment, compared with the blank control group, the administration groups had small tumors with low mass and shrinkage of cells and karyopycnosis in the tumor tissue, indicating that the AC combination may improve EMT. In addition, the expression of Bcl2 and E-cadherin increased and the expression of Bax, caspase-3, cleaved caspase-3, MMP9, MMP2, and vimentin decreased in HT-29 cells and tumor tissues in each administration group. In summary, the AC combination can significantly inhibit the proliferation, invasion, migration, and EMT of HT-29 cells in vivo and in vitro and promote the apoptosis of colon cancer cells.

Development, reliability and validity of the cultural competency assessment scale for geriatric nurse specialists / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To develop a cultural competency assessment scale for geriatric clinical nurse specialists and test its reliability and validity.Methods:Through literature research, qualitative interviews, expert correspondence, and pretesting, the cultural competency assessment scale for geriatric clinical nurse specialists was developed. A total of 140 geriatric nurses from 8 tertiary hospitals in Beijing, Guizhou, Harbin, Shandong and Shaanxi from July to September 2021 were selected for the survey.Results:The final cultural competency assessment scale for geriatric clinical nurse specialists consisted of 4 dimensions of cultural knowledge, cultural awareness, cultural skills, and cultural interaction behaviors, with 31 entries, Cronbach α coefficient of 0.953 for the scale, Cronbach α coefficient of 0.875-0.974 for the 4 dimensions, and retest reliability of 0.925. I-CVI was 0.857-1.000, and the average S-CVI was 0.974. The cumulative contribution of the four common factors was 72.51%. Conclusions:The reliability and validity of the cultural competency assessment scale for geriatric clinical nurse specialists are good and can be used to evaluate the cultural competency of geriatric clinical nurse specialists.

Effect of Tiaoshen acupuncture on anxiety after methamphetamine withdrawal / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the therapeutic effect between Tiaoshen acupuncture combined with psychotherapy and simple psychotherapy on anxiety after methamphetamine withdrawal.@*METHODS@#A total of 78 patients were randomized into an observation group (39 cases, 2 cases dropped off) and a control group (39 cases, 1 case dropped off). Psychotherapy was given in the control group. On the basis of the treatment in the control group, Tiaoshen acupuncture was applied at Baihui (GV 20), Shenting (GV 24), Benshen (GB 13), Neiguan (PC 6) and Shenmen (HT 7) in the observation group. The treatment was given once a day, 6 days were as one course and totally 4 courses were required in both groups. The scores of Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA), quality of life for drug addicts (QOL-DA) and Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) before and after treatment were observed in both groups.@*RESULTS@#After treatment, the various scores and the total scores of HAMA, QOL-DA and PSQI were decreased compared before treatment in both groups (P<0.05), and the scores of somatic anxiety factor, the psychic anxiety factor and the total score of HAMA, each various score and the total score of QOL-DA as well as the scores of sleep quality, time to fall asleep, sleep time, daytime dysfunction and the total score of PSQI in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Tiaoshen acupuncture combined with psychotherapy can relieve the anxiety in patients with anxiety after methamphetamine withdrawal, improve the quality of life and sleep, the therapeutic effect is superior to the simple psychotherapy.

Clinical observation of Tiaoshen acpuncture for dry eye syndrome with yin deficiency of liver and kidney / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the curative effect of Tiaoshen acupuncture combined with artificial tears and artificial tears alone for dry eye syndrome with yin deficiency of liver and kidney.@*METHODS@#A total of 70 patients of dry eye syndrome with yin deficiency of liver and kidney were randomized into an acupuncture combined with medication group (35 cases, 2 cases dropped off) and a medication group (35 cases, 3 cases dropped off). In the medication group, 0.1% sodium hyaluronate eye drop was applied, 3 times a day, 1 drop each time. On the basis of the treatment as the medication group, Tiaoshen acupuncture was applied at Shenting (GV 24), Shenmen (HT 7), Benshen (GB 13), Taixi (KI 3), Taichong (LR 3), Guangming (GB 37), Fengchi (GB 20), Tongziliao (GB 1), Yuyao (EX-HN 4) in the acupuncture combined with medication group, Tongziliao (GB 1) and Yuyao (EX-HN 4) were connect with electroacupuncture, the needles were retained for 30 min, once a day, 6 times a week. Both groups were treated for 2 weeks. Before and after treatment, the clinical symptom score, SchirmerⅠtest (SⅠT), break-up time (BUT), corneal fluorescein staining (FL) score and Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA) score were observed in the two groups, and the clinical efficacy was compared in the two groups.@*RESULTS@#Compared before treatment, the clinical symptom scores, corneal FL and HAMA scores were decreased (P<0.05), the levels of SⅠT and BUT were increased after treatment in the two groups (P<0.05). After the treatment, the clinical symptom score, FL and HAMA scores in the acupuncture combined with medication group were lower than the medication group (P<0.05), the levels of SⅠT and BUT in the acupuncture combined with medication group were higher than the medication group (P<0.05). The total effective rate in the acupuncture combined with medication group was 90.9% (30/33), which was higher than 71.9% (23/32) in the medication group (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Tiaoshen acupuncture combined with artificial tears could promote the secretion of tears for patients of dry eye syndrome with yin deficiency of liver and kidney, repair corneal defect and prolong tear film break-up time, and alleviate anxiety state, its curative effect is better than simple artificial tears.

SUN's abdominal acupuncture for depression after methamphetamine withdrawal: a randomized controlled trial / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the clinical effect of SUN 's abdominal acupuncture and conventional acupuncture in the treatment of depression after methamphetamine withdrawal.@*METHODS@#A total of 80 female patients with depression after methamphetamine withdrawal were randomly divided into an observation group (40 cases, 1 case dropped off) and a control group (40 cases, 2 cases dropped off). The control group was treated with conventional acupuncture at Baihui (GV 20), Yintang (GV 29), Taichong (LR 3), Shenmen (HT 7), Neiguan (PC 6), Danzhong (GV 17), and the observation group was treated with SUN 's abdominal acupuncture at area 1 of the abdomen and area 8 of the abdomen. Both groups were treated once a day, 30 min each time, 6 days as a course of treatment, 1 day rest between treatment courses, a total of 4 courses of treatment. The scores of withdrawal symptoms, Hamilton depression scale (HAMD), Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) scale and serum serotonin (5-HT) level were compared between the two groups before and after treatment.@*RESULTS@#After treatment, the scores of withdrawal symptoms, HAMD and the various scores and total score of PSQI scale in the two groups were all lower than before treatment (P<0.01), and the scores of withdrawal symptoms, HAMD and the sleep quality, time to fall asleep, sleep time scores and total score of PSQI in the observation group were lower than the control group (P<0.05, P<0.01). After treatment, the serum 5-HT level of the two groups was increased (P<0.01), and that in the observation group was higher than the control group (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#SUN 's abdominal acupuncture can improve withdrawal symptom, depression and sleep quality, increase serum 5-HT content in treatment of depression after methamphetamine withdrawal, and has better effect than conventional acupuncture.

SWOT analysis and promotion strategy of core employment competence of master of nursing specialist in China / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To explore the internal and external factors that affect the core competitiveness of nursing degree graduates in China, and to put forward strategies for improvement.Methods:SWOT analysis method was used to analyze the strengths, weaknesses, external opportunities and threats of the core competitiveness of nursing graduates.Results:Students' own advantages include strong self-learning ability, strong scientific research thinking ability, strong education communication ability; disadvantages include inaccurate professional positioning, lack of clinical experience and professional quality; external opportunities include national policy attention, clinical platform demand, high attention of colleges and universities; threat factors include backward construction of teaching staff, lack of assessment methods and evaluation system, and lack of specialized curriculum system Characteristics of science and technology.Conclusion:The factors that affect the promotion of core competitiveness of professional degree nursing graduates in China cover two aspects: students themselves and training colleges and universities. We should make corresponding coping strategies on the basis of overall consideration of strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and challenges.

Isolation, identification and prokaryotic expression of a bacteriocin-like substance from Bacillus licheniformis / 生物工程学报

The ban on addition of antibiotics in animal feed in China has made the search for new antibiotics substitutes, e.g. bacteriocin, a hot topic in research. The present study successfully isolated an antibacterial substance producing strain of Bacillus sp. from alpaca feces by agar diffusion method, using Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Micrococcus luteus and Listeria monocytogenes as indicator bacteria. The isolated strain was named as B. licheniformis SXAU06 based on colony morphology, Gram staining and 16S rRNA gene sequence. The antibacterial substance was isolated and purified through a series of procedures including (NH4)2SO4 precipitation, chloroform extraction, molecular interception and SDS-PAGE analysis. Bioinformatics analysis of the LC-MS/MS data indicated that the antibacterial substance was a bacteriocin-like substance (BLIS) with an approximate molecular weight of 14 kDa, and it was designated as BLIS_SXAU06. BLIS_SXAU06 exhibited high resistance to treatment of proteinase K, high temperature, high acidity and alkalinity. BLIS_SXAU06 was heterologously expressed in E. coli and the recombinant BLIS_SXAU06 exhibited effective antibacterial activity against S. aureus, S. epidermidis, M. luteus, and L. monocytogenes, showing potential to be investigated further.

Practical analysis of hemostatic compression after high pressure injection of magnetic resonance contrast in patients with acute cerebral infarction / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:In the research, the traditional mercury sphygmomanometer was used to press the puncture point to evaluate the hemostatic effect.Methods:Eighty patients with acute cerebral infarction diagnosed clinically in Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University from June 2018 to December 2019 were examined by magnetic resonance perfusion examination. The serial number of the patient was randomly divided into the group by random digital table, and the puncture point was pressed by mercury sphygmomanometer after needle extraction in the auxiliary pressing group, and the individual systolic blood pressure intensity was set as the pressing intensity, while the control group adopted independent vertical pressing technique. After examination, the puncture points of the two groups were qualitatively evaluated, such as secondary bleeding, hematoma, ecchymosis, normal and so on.Results:In the auxiliary compression group, there were 3 cases of secondary hemorrhage, 1 case of hematoma, 0 cases of ecchymosis and 36 cases of normal, while in the control group, there were 4 cases of bleeding, 2 case of hematoma, 1 case of ecchymosis and 33 cases of normal ( χ2value was 4.372-34.225, P<0.05). Conclusion:Traditional mercury sphygmomanometer-assisted pressing puncture point can make personalized nursing hemostasis plan for patients with acute cerebral infarction, reduce the phenomenon of puncture point bleeding, ecchymosis, and even subcutaneous hematoma caused by unstable pressing and unequal force, and practice high-quality nursing service.

Progress of motion artifact correction in photoacoustic microscopy and photoacoustic tomography / 生物医学工程学杂志

Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is a rapidly developing hybrid biomedical imaging technology, which is capable of providing structural and functional information of biological tissues. Due to inevitable motion of the imaging object, such as respiration, heartbeat or eye rotation, motion artifacts are observed in the reconstructed images, which reduce the imaging resolution and increase the difficulty of obtaining high-quality images. This paper summarizes current methods for correcting and compensating motion artifacts in photoacoustic microscopy (PAM) and photoacoustic tomography (PAT), discusses their advantages and limits and forecasts possible future work.

Bibliometric analysis of stigma research in patients with epilepsy based on Web of Science database / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To analyze the literature on stigma of foreign patients with epilepsy, to understand the research hotspots and research frontiers in this field, and to provide reference for the research in this field in China.Methods:The data was analyzed by HistCite software by searching the "Web of Science TM Core Collection" database. Results:A total of 740 related articles were retrieved, and the number of publications was on the rise. Jacoby A was a high-yielding author. The EPILEPSY & BEHAVIOR journals had the largest number of publications. The United States and the United Kingdom were leading in this field. The research institutes were mainly universities. The research hotspots focus on four aspects: research population, quality of life, knowledge attitude, and influencing factors.Conclusion:The study of stigma in patients with epilepsy is receiving increasing attention from the international community, but there is still a large gap between China and the leading countries in this field. Domestic scholars can learn from foreign research directions and methods to explore the level of stigma, influencing factors and effective intervention programs to provide patients with better treatment results and improve patient quality of life.

Progress of quantitative intravascular optical coherence tomography / 生物医学工程学杂志

Intravascular optical coherence tomography (IVOCT) has emerged as a high-resolution and minimal-invasive imaging technique that provides high-speed visualization of coronary arterial vessel walls and clearly displays the vessel lumen and lesions under the intima. However, morphological gray-scale images cannot provide enough information about the tissue components to accurately characterize the plaque tissues including calcified, fibrous, lipidic and mixed plaques. Quantitative IVOCT ( IVOCT) is necessary to provide the physiological contrast mechanisms and obtain the characteristic parameters of tissues with clinical diagnostic value. In this paper, the progress of IVOCT is reviewed. The current methods for quantitatively measuring optical, elastic and hemodynamic parameters of vessel wall and plaque tissues using IVOCT gray-scale images and raw backscattered signals are introduced and potential development is forecast.

Clinical observation of acupuncture on restless leg syndrome / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the clinical therapeutic effect of acupuncture (acupuncture for regulating the spirit) on restless leg syndrome and its concomitance symptoms of sleep disorder and anxiety, and to provide theoretical basis for the clinical application of acupuncture.@*METHODS@#A total of 60 patients were randomized into an observation group and a control group, 30 cases in each one. Conventional acupuncture at lower limbs' acupoints such as Zusanli (ST 36), Yanglingquan (GB 34) and Xuanzhong (GB 39) was applied in the control group. On the basis of the control group, acupuncture at Baihui (GV 20), Shenting (GV 24) and Benshen (GB 13) was added in the observation group. In both groups, the treatment was given once a day, 6 times a week, one week as a course and totally 3 courses were required. Scores of international restless leg syndrome rating scale (IRLS), Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) and Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA) were observed before and after treatment in the two groups.@*RESULTS@#Compared before treatment, scores of IRLS, PSQI and HAMA after treatment were decreased in both groups (<0.05), and the improvement in the observation group was superior to the control group (<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#On the basis of conventional acupuncture, acupuncture can effectively relieve the discomforts of the lower limbs in patients with restless leg syndrome, improve the sleep disorder and anxiety, which is better than conventional acupuncture.

Progresses of photoacoustic-ultrasonic combined imaging reconstruction / 中国医学影像技术

Ultrasonic computed tomography (USCT) and photoacoustic computed tomography (PACT) are two kinds of complementary imaging techniques. Photoacoustic-ultrasonic (PAUS) imaging combines PACT with USCT into one system and can obtain structural images and optical absorption distribution images of the target simultaneously. The combined images can display the acoustic discontinuity and optical absorption properties of the tissue. The diseased tissue can be accurately identified and located, and the functional components can also be quantitatively measured. The research progresses of the methods of joint images reconstruction for PAUS were reviewed in this paper.

Intestinal microbiota and infant health in early life / 国际儿科学杂志

The establishment and development of the intestinal microbiota in early life is critical to the development of intestinal immune system, digestive function, metabolic function, and central nervous system function in infants.The first 1000 days of life is a critical period for the establishment of intestinal microbiota, which is susceptible to many factors.The disorder of intestinal microbiota in this period will increase the risk of some diseases in the long-term life.In this review, we will describe the main physiological functions of the early-life microbiota and its role in programming future health of infants.We also will describe the establishment and development of the intestinal microbiota in early life and its main drivers.

Preparation and characterization of drug-loaded polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles with tunable surface hydrophobicity / 药学学报

The surface hydrophobicity of nanoparticles plays an important role in drug delivery process. The aim of this study was to verify the feasibility of using self-assembly method to prepare drug-loaded nanoparticles with tunable surface hydrophobicity. Here, Soluplus was selected as the polymeric carrier to prepare panobinostat (PNB) loaded micelles. Three different monoglycerides, glycerly monooleate (GMO), glycerly linoleate (GML) and glycerly linolenate (GMLO), were used to modify the surface of PNB-Soluplus micelles to prepare polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles (PLHNs). The effect of monoglyceride type and amount on the physico-chemical properties of PNB-loaded PLHNs was investigated, and the surface hydrophobicity of PLHNs was characterized by Rose Bengal (RB) binding method and mucin particle method. The results suggested that compared with the PNB-Soluplus micelles (particle size 77.97 ± 0.78 nm, zeta potential 0.44 ± 0.29 mV, entrapment efficiency 99.45% ± 1.47%, the RB binding constant (K) value 0.008 ± 0.002, the increased particle size after mixing with mucin particles 7.90 ± 1.41 nm), surface hydrophobicity of the PLHNs increased significantly when modified by GMO, GML, GMLO, with K values of 0.055 ± 0.010, 0.050 ± 0.011 and 0.058 ± 0.008, respectively. The increased particle sizes after mixing with mucin particles were 17.37 ± 4.48 nm, 22.60 ± 2.10 nm and 25.13 ± 3.89 nm, respectively. Among them, the physico-chemical properties of the GMLO modified PNB-loaded PLHNs (particle size 81.60 ± 4.52 nm, zeta potential 0.77 ± 0.03 mV, entrapment efficiency 99.59% ± 0.20%) kept constant, thus GMLO was selected to further investigate the effect of GMLO mass ratio (1%-3%) to Soluplus on the properties of the nanoparticles. While no statistical significant difference in particle size, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency or in vitro release behavior was found when GMLO ratio increased, the surface lipophilicity of the PLHNs, as characterized by K values and the increased particle sizes after mixing with mucin particles, increased almost linearly with the increase of GMLO amount. In conclusion, we demonstrated that drug-loaded PLHNs based on Soluplus and GMLO can be prepared by self-assembly method, and the surface hydrophobicity was tunable by modifying the mass ratio of GMLO to Soluplus. This approach could be used for related basic science research aiming to elucidate the effect of surface hydrophobicity on in vivo behavior of drug-loaded system.

Establishment of nursing risk assessment index system for stroke-associated pneumonia / 中国感染控制杂志

Objective To establish a nursing risk assessment index system (NRAIS) for stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP), and provide reference for the prevention and control of SAP.Methods On the basis of literature analysis and semi-structured interviews, the basic framework of NRAIS for SAP was preliminarily drawn up. Indexes were screened by using Delphi method and analytic hierarchy process, the weight of index was calculated.Results The NRAIS for SAP consisting of 6 first-level indexes and 33 second-level indexes was constructed, positive coefficient of expert of two rounds consultation were 88.89％ and 100％ respectively, authoritative coefficients was 0.8％.Conclusion The constructed assessment index system can effectively help managers identify high-risk factors and high-risk links of SAP, and provide evaluation basis for effective prevention of clinical nursing risks.

Review on photoacoustic tomographic image reconstruction for acoustically heterogeneous tissues / 生物医学工程学杂志

Acoustic properties of biological tissues usually vary inhomogeneously in space. Tissues with different chemical composition often have different acoustic properties. The assumption of acoustic homogeneity may lead to blurred details, misalignment of targets and artifacts in the reconstructed photoacoustic tomography (PAT) images. This paper summarizes the main solutions to PAT imaging of acoustically heterogeneous tissues, including the variable sound speed and acoustic attenuation. The advantages and limits of the methods are discussed and the possible future development is prospected.

Health Literacy and associated factors among primary school students in Shandong province / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To understand the status of health literacy and its associated factors among primary school students in Shandong Province.@*Methods@#By using stratified cluster sampling method, 9 063 children in grade 1 to 3 from 5 cities in Shandong Province were investigated with self-designed questionnaire. Chi square and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze associated factors for health literacy.@*Results@#Rate of proficient health literacy among grade 1-3 primary school students was 62.8%(5 689/9 063), with 75.6%(6 850/9 063), 56.3%(5 106/9 063) and 80.1%(7 261/9 063) in dimension of safety emergency, health care and disease prevention and control. Proficient health literacy was 47.7%(4 327/9 063), 88.3%(8 003/9 063) and 73.6%(6 672/9 063) in domain of health knowledge and concept, health behavior and health skills. Univariate analysis showed that the health literacy varied by gender, only-child in the family, grade, living area, cities, self-perceived academic performance, father educational attainment, mother educational attainment, father occupation and mother occupation(χ2=39.66, 161.09, 193.05, 89.23, 1 107.75, 196.35, 99.43, 74.39, 64.86, 16.70, P<0.01). Multivariate analysis found that gender, only-child in the family, grade, living area, city, self-perceived academic performance, father’ s occupation and educational attainment were positively associated with health literacy among elementary students.@*Conclusion@#High level of health literacy has been found among primary school students in Shandong Province, but varied in area and different demographic characteristics, which needs further specific intervention.

Intestinal microbiota and infant health in early life / 国际儿科学杂志

The establishment and development of the intestinal microbiota in early life is critical to the development of intestinal immune system,digestive function,metabolic function,and central nervous system function in infants.The first 1000 days of life is a critical period for the establishment of intestinal microbiota,which is susceptible to many factors.The disorder of intestinal microbiota in this period will increase the risk of some diseases in the long-term life.In this review,we will describe the main physiological functions of the early-life microbiota and its role in programming future health of infants.We also will describe the establishment and development of the intestinal microbiota in early life and its main drivers.